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Teaching Thinking Skills

by Jean Edwards, ThinkShop Ltd, Nelson NZ
This page is offered freely for reproduction - we simply ask that you please acknowledge the source: "How To Teach Thinking Skills" by Jean Edwards; ThinkShop: Resources forThinking Ltd.

For the teacher who wants to get more serious about thinking skills

We'll assume you know the basic theory of Thinking Skills, that you know you want to teach them - but how to begin? What exactly to DO? How do I teach Thinking Skills?

1. You need to plan a schedule or time-frame for teaching the skills or tools of thinking first; running Thinking Skills sessions is an excellent idea. Start small and sensible. Focus on one or two particular skills or tools you want to address, such as creativity and analysing, and build up your repertoire from there. Remember to enjoy what you're teaching!

 

2. The second step is to begin using the tools, transferring them into your regular lessons. Having a TOOLBOX column handy alongside your regular planning sheet may help you to focus on this transfer. Encouraging your students to use a specific Thinking Skills folder or book that they can refer to, may help them to recognise that they have a thinking toolbox ready at hand for transfer to other subjects or areas.

 

3. Limited budget or limited time? I'd suggest you invest initially in some of Edward de Bono's Six Hats series. Follow this for older students with Book 1 of the CoRT Thinking series by Edward de Bono. These tailor-made lessons plus the further extension activities in the book How To Teach Thinking Skills by Jean Edwards, will get you well started. Meanwhile, you can be assimilating the information in How To Teach Thinking Skills and either making up your own resources from the ideas and examples provided, or if you're already too busy (!), you can use the examples to help you to decide what thinking tools you want to teach and what resources to purchase.

 

4. A Tip: Don't go for a 'grab-bag of activities'. For a defensible thinking skills programme, you MUST have a specific aim in mind, an outcome you can see or measure (which is why quite a few of the resources in the above book have evaluation records for you). The skills or tools must be transferable! Slow and steady is a sensible rule. Share techniques and models with your students so that you - and they - can systematically incorporate thinking skills into your programme

 

What are the main Thinking Skills?


Thinking Skills can be divided into three main groups of skills (see diagrambelow):
• creative thinking
• critical thinking,
and when the two are combined,
• creative problem-solving.

1. Creativity


Basically, coming up with new, novel or original ideas and ways of doing things. (Edward de Bono’s green-hat thinking performs the same function.) Looking at things from a different perspective.
Common process verbs: imagine, invent, change, design, create....

2. Critical thinking


Analysing and evaluating or judging information or data to find the right answer.
Common process verbs: analyse, break down, compare, categorise, list, sequence, rank...

3. Problem-solving


Using both analytical and creative thinking to solve problems and situations. New or creative thinking is always needed to solve a problem - you can’t rely on the same old thinking which got you into the problem, to get you out of it!
Common process verbs: improve, design, refine, find, invent criteria to, combine...

venn diagram

"Where do I start' What exactly do I DO?"


The following books are all recommended for teachers who know that they want to teach thinking skills, and probably have some idea of the underlying theories and value of teaching thinking, but who need some specifics. With photocopiable activities, clear explanations both of the underpinnings and of the activities, and with sample student responses.

Following are a couple of recommended ThinkShop titles to get you started:

 

 

How To Teach Thinking, by Jean Edwards


These two books contain everything you need for a year's worth of thinking skills teaching. Each book includes clear lesson plans, activities and even sample student responses.
Book One ...READ MORE...

Price: $76.00(NZ)
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This is the book you need to introduce your students to creative thinking as well as to teach them to assess and improve their individual scores. Fluency, flexibility, originality and elabo ...READ MORE...

Price: $34.00(NZ)
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Inquiry Learning? This is for you! Developed through Project Zero at the Harvard School of Education, these simple but powerful activities are designed to develop students' critical-thinking ...READ MORE...

Price: $43.00(NZ)
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Wanting a thinking skills curriculum for your school? Yet another great thinking skills book by Clinton Golding, aimed to help teachers support students in becoming more thoughtful thinkers ...READ MORE...

Price: $37.00(NZ)
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In the modern classroom, teachers are faced with the challenge of teaching to a diverse group of students, with different cultural backgrounds, home lives, and learning styles. One-size-f ...READ MORE...

Price: $39.00(NZ)
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The ebooks version of How To Teach the Habits Of Mind- all you need to start using and assessing the HOM with your children- and with adults! ...READ MORE...

Price: $25.00(NZ)
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A practical guide to help you get past that camouflage, and accurately identify Gifted and talented students. Details specific tests and screens for you to get the ball rolling in your scho ...READ MORE...

Price: $47.00(NZ)
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AT LAST! A practical book on HOW to teach the Habits of Mind. Based on Art Costa's HOM theory, this handbook gives enough information to get your class started TODAY using the HOM. Al ...READ MORE...

Price: $47.00(NZ)
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AT LAST! A practical introduction to teaching thinking skills. Includes enough theory for thorough comprehension, as well as a substantial Toolbox of ready-to-use activities to get your cla ...READ MORE...

Price: $47.00(NZ)
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This jargon-free guide to Problem-Based Learning (PBL) offers teachers an exciting student-centred teaching method that engages learners at all levels in middle school and high school. PBL lesson ...READ MORE...

Price: $42.00(NZ)
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Interested in Dispositions or Habits of Mind? Socratic discussion? Hands-on problem-solving? Group thinking challenges? Reflection and transfer of learning? Then you'll enjoy reading this b ...READ MORE...

Price: $34.00(NZ)
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A brilliant UBD unit integrating the Key Competencies, higher level thinking, and Inquiry learning, all in one package. INCLUDES the DVD documentary from The National Geographic,"Guns, Germ ...READ MORE...

Price: $50.00(NZ)
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A must-read for educators wanting specifics about HOW students learn, and thus WHY and HOW we can tailor our teaching. A brilliant book incorporating ideas from many major teaching models (e. ...READ MORE...

Price: $42.00(NZ)
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Differentiating Instruction
(2 video Tapes + Facilitator's Guide- binder) by Carol A. Tomlinson

Differentiation gets us away from ...READ MORE...


Price: $80.00(NZ)
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